Revista Energética. Septiembre 2026

Caso de éxito: descarbonizar la producción de aluminio con Carburos Metálicos Uno de los sectores con mayor demanda de combustibles fósiles es el metalúrgico que, por esa razón, está bajo una gran presión para cumplir los objetivos de descarbonización de la Unión Europea y una normativa en constante evolución. 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In this scenario, primary production in Europe would be limited to Norway and Iceland, as EU production will cease. In addition, the European domestic production will be around 2.5 million tonnes, i.e. a drop of 43 percent compared to the current situation. Over the same time, imports will increase by around 6.6 million tonnes, i.e. an increase of 74 percent. Regarding the GHG emissions, the additional emissions relating to the additional imports of primary from third countries required during 2020-2050, in comparison with the baseline scenario, are estimated between 158 and 529 million tonnes of CO 2 equivalent. These additional GHG emissions for 2020-2050 are equivalent to about 4 to 12 percent of the annual EU28 total 16 . The CO 2 emissions avoided thanks to the domestic primary aluminium industry, in comparison to the primary imports from third countries, would be between 5 and 17 million tonnes of CO 2 equivalent per year. As highlighted above, Europe has one of the lowest carbon footprints in the world related to its primary aluminium production (see Chapter 1.c). Source: European Aluminium based on CRU 2018 datasets 16 EU28 total GHG emissions in 2016 are equal to 4 293 Mio tonnes of CO 2 equivalent (excl. LULUCF). Source: European Environmental Agency 2018 Annual EU GHG inventory report Primary production Primary imports Recycled basis 0 2 000 4 000 6 000 8 000 10 000 12 000 14 000 16 000 18 000 2050 2045 2040 2035 2030 2025 2020 2015 2010 2005 2000 28% 39% 36% 25% 49% 37% 14% 46% Volumes (in ktonnes) European aluminium demand for aluminium ingot (2000 - 2050) Decreasing production scenario for primary production in Europe (i.e. EU28 + EFTA) Tendencias en el mercado europeo del aluminio. DESCARBONIZACIÓN INDUSTRIAL 40 ENERGÉTICA XXI · 259 · SEP 26