Revista Energética.

BALANCE 2023 Y PERSPECTIVAS 2024 ‡€y‘€‡‡ƒ¡z"…" {y‘{ƒ‹y{€‡ƒ¡z" Žy" yŽƒ‘ƒ‡ƒ|~V" €" †€…|{ €"Žy"|~"‡‚€y~"Š{|‡yŽyz"Žy"‡|†‚~` „ƒy~"‘¡~ƒy~Q"c"Š€{€"‡€†ƒ€{"Žƒ‡“|"y~‡yz€{ƒ|V" ~y{™" ƒ†Š{y~‡ƒzŽƒy" ‡|z„€{" ‡|z" €~" {yz|”€` y~"„—{†ƒ‡€~Q P€"yzy{‹ €" ~|€{" „—{†ƒ‡€"y~"‚z€" „y‡z||‹ €" †€Ž‚{€V"‡|z"‚z"~y‡„|{"Š{yŠ€{€Ž|"Š€{€"y"Žy` ~€{{||"‡|{{y‡„|"Žy" ƒz~„€€‡ƒ|zy~Q"Ey"‡‚yz„€" ‡|z"Š{|…y‡„ƒ~„€~" y" ƒz~„€€Ž|{y~" ‡|z" ~|{€Ž€" yŠy{ƒyz‡ƒ€V"…" ‘€{ƒ‡€z„y~" ‡|z" ~|‚‡ƒ|zy~" „—‡zƒ‡€~"‡€Ž€"”y–"†™~"~yz‡ƒ€~V"‘ƒ€y~"…"‡|z" †yz|~" zy‡y~ƒŽ€Žy~" Žy" †€z„yzƒ†ƒyz„|Q" P€~" ƒz~„€€‡ƒ|zy~"‚y"~y"“€‡yz"€‡„‚€†yz„y"‘‚z` ‡ƒ|z€z" Šy{‘y‡„€†yz„y" ‹{€‡ƒ€~" €" €" yŠy{ƒyz` ‡ƒ€"€Ž‚ƒ{ƒŽ€"Ž‚{€z„y"Œ›"€ž|~"Žy"{yŠy{‡‚~ƒ¡z" Žy"Ba;Q"P€~"z‚y”€~"ƒz~„€€‡ƒ|zy~"~y"Žƒ~yž€zV" ~y" yšy‡‚„€z"…" ~y" †€z„ƒyzyz" Žy" †€zy{€" ‡|` {{y‡„€Q" ;~„|" “€‡y" ‚y" |~" ‚~‚€{ƒ|~" Šy{‡ƒ€z" €“|{{|~"†‚…" ƒ†Š|{„€z„y~" €" zƒ”y" yzy{‹—„ƒ‡|" "y‡|z¡†ƒ‡|Q ;z"‡‚€z„|"€"~y‡„|{"ƒzŽ‚~„{ƒ€"~|€{"„—{†ƒ‡|V" yz";~Š€ž€"yƒ~„y"‚z€"‡€Š€‡ƒŽ€Ž"€Š{|ƒ†€Ž€" Žy" Š{|Ž‚‡‡ƒ¡z" Žy" ŒQ›››Q›››" CuV" ‘€{ƒ‡€zŽ|" yz"u›uvV"u››Q›››"CuV"y"u›£"Žy"~‚"Š|„yz‡ƒ€V" Žy"|~"‡‚€y~"y"u’£"~y"ƒz~„€€{|z"yz";~Š€ž€" " y" œ’£" ~y" yŠ|{„€{|zQ" B€y" Žy~„€‡€{V" Š|{" „€z„|V"€"€|{"Žy"€~"y†Š{y~€~"‘€{ƒ‡€z„y~"Žy" ‡€Š„€Ž|{y~" ‡|z" ‘™{ƒ‡€" yz" ;~Š€ž€V" ‚y" “€z" ~‚†ƒzƒ~„{€Ž|"y"vv£"Žy"|~"‡€Š„€Ž|{y~"ƒz~„€` €Ž|~"yz"z‚y~„{|"Š€ ~Q ]|{" |„{€" Š€{„yV" ~y" “€" {y‹ƒ~„{€Ž|" ‚z" ƒz‡{y` †yz„|" yz" €" €‡„ƒ”ƒŽ€Ž" yŠ|{„€Ž|{€" Žy" €~" y†Š{y~€~" ‘€{ƒ‡€z„y~" ‚ƒ‡€Ž€~" yz" y" y~„€Ž|" y~Š€ž|" {y~Šy‡„|" Žy" €ž|" €z„y{ƒ|{Q" ;" ƒz‡{y` †yz„|"Žy"€"€‡„ƒ”ƒŽ€Ž"yŠ|{„€Ž|{€"Žy"|~"‘€` {ƒ‡€z„y~"Žy" ‡€Š„€Ž|{y~" ~|€{y~" y~" ~ƒz"ނހ" ‚z€" ‚yz€" z|„ƒ‡ƒ€V" yz" Š{ƒ†y{" ‚‹€{V" Š|{‚y" Žy†‚y~„{€" €" ‡|†Šy„ƒ„ƒ”ƒŽ€Ž" Žy" ~‚~" ‡€Š` „€Ž|{y~V"…" yz" ~y‹‚zŽ|" ‚‹€{" Š|{‚y" y|" y~" Šy{†ƒ„y"~y‹‚ƒ{"‡{y‡ƒyzŽ|"y"ƒzz|”€zŽ|V"Žƒ”y{` ~ƒ‘ƒ‡€zŽ|" {ƒy~‹|~" €" †‚„ƒŠƒ‡€{" €" Š{y~yz‡ƒ€" Žy"~‚~"Š{|Ž‚‡„|~Q &„{€" {y€ƒŽ€Ž" ‡{y‡ƒyz„y" y~" €" {yŠ{y~yz„€Ž€" Š|{"y"‚~|"Žy"‡€|{"~|€{"Š€{€"Š{|‡y~|~"ƒzŽ‚~` „{ƒ€y~V" ‚y"…€" †‚y~„{€" ‚yz|~" {y~‚„€Ž|~V" y~Šy‡ƒ€†yz„y"yz"~y‡„|{y~"‡|†|"€"ƒzŽ‚~„{ƒ€" Žy" €ƒ†yz„|~"…" yƒŽ€~V" Ž|zŽy" €~" Š€z„€~" †™~" ‹{€zŽy~" Žy" ;‚{|Š€" ‡{y‡ƒy{|z" Žy~Žy" u" Cg"“€~„€"v›"CgQ"P|~"~ƒ~„y†€~"~|€{y~"„—{†ƒ` ‡|~"€"‹{€z"y~‡€€"Š‚yŽyz"Š{|Ž‚‡ƒ{"‡€|{"€"‚z" ‡|~„y"Žy"€{yŽyŽ|{"Žy"u›wv›""Cg“Q #~ƒ†ƒ~†|V" ~y" Žyy" €Ž|Š„€{" y" ƒ†Šy†yz` „€{" ƒz†yŽƒ€„€†yz„y" y" †€zŽ€„|" ~|€{" Žy" €" R;"Š€{€" „|Ž|~" |~" yŽƒ‘ƒ‡ƒ|~"z‚y”|~"|"‚y" ~y" ~|†y„€z" €" {yz|”€‡ƒ|zy~" ‘‚zŽ€†yz„€y~" Žy" „y‡“|~V"‚y"~y"ƒz~„€€{™z"‡|z"yzy{‹ €"~|€{Q ;"†€zŽ€„|"~|€{"y~"‚z€"|ƒ‹€‡ƒ¡z"y‹€"Žy" ƒz~„€€{"~ƒ~„y†€~"Žy"yzy{‹ €"~|€{"yz"yŽƒ‘ƒ‡ƒ|~" z‚y”|~"…" {yz|”€‡ƒ|zy~" ƒ†Š|{„€z„y~V" ‡|†|" Š€{„y"Žy"€"Oƒ{y‡„ƒ”€"{y”ƒ~€Ž€"~|{y"y‘ƒ‡ƒyz‡ƒ€" yzy{‹—„ƒ‡€"Žy"|~"yŽƒ‘ƒ‡ƒ|~"^;]UO_Q";"„y„|"Žy" €";]UO" ^€{„ ‡‚|"#"w";zy{‹ €"~|€{"yz"yŽƒ‘ƒ` ‡ƒ|~_"‡‚{y"„€z„|"€"yzy{‹ €"~|€{"‘|„|”|„€ƒ‡€" ^]Y_"‡|†|" €"~|€{" „—{†ƒ‡€V" ƒz‡‚ƒŽ|~" |~"~ƒ~` „y†€~" “ {ƒŽ|~" ^]YaV" y~" Žy‡ƒ{V" ]Y" t" „—{†ƒ‡€_Q" ;~„€"|ƒ‹€‡ƒ¡z"„ƒyzy"‡|†|"|šy„ƒ”|"€‚†yz` „€{"€"Š{|Š|{‡ƒ¡z"Žy"yzy{‹ €"{yz|”€y"yz"|~" yŽƒ‘ƒ‡ƒ|~"…"{yŽ‚‡ƒ{" €~"y†ƒ~ƒ|zy~"Žy"‹€~y~"Žy" y‘y‡„|"ƒz”y{z€Žy{|Q ;~" zy‡y~€{ƒ|" ‹€{€z„ƒ–€{" ‡|zŽƒ‡ƒ|zy~" š‚~` „€~" Š€{€" y" Žy~Šƒy‹‚y" ~|€{" „—{†ƒ‡|V"…" Š€{€" y|"y~"‡€”y"y"Š€Šy"Žy"€~"€‚„|{ƒŽ€Žy~Q"P|~" C€zŽ€„|~"E|€{y~"€"zƒ”y"z€‡ƒ|z€"Žyyz"{y` Ž€‡„€{~y" {y~Šy„€zŽ|" €~" {y‡|†yzŽ€‡ƒ|zy~" Žy" €" B|†ƒ~ƒ¡z" ;‚{|Šy€V" y~„€y‡ƒŽ€~" yz" €" ;~„{€„y‹ƒ€" Žy" ;zy{‹ €" E|€{" Žy" €" R;'" ª#" „{€` ”—~"Žy"Š| „ƒ‡€~"…"{y‹‚€‡ƒ|zy~"Žy"€Š|…|"‚y" Š{|Š|{‡ƒ|zyz" ƒ‹‚€Ž€Ž" Žy" ‡|zŽƒ‡ƒ|zy~" Š€{€" „|Ž€~"€~"„y‡z||‹ €~"~|€{y~"…"z|"‘€”|{y–‡€z" €"‚z€~" ‘{yz„y"€"|„{€~V" €~"€‚„|{ƒŽ€Žy~"z€‡ƒ|` z€y~"…"|‡€y~"Š‚yŽyz"Š{|†|”y{"€"~|‚‡ƒ¡z" †™~"y‘ƒ‡ƒyz„y"Š€{€"‡€Ž€"~ƒ„‚€‡ƒ¡zLQ ;z"Š€{„ƒ‡‚€{V"€~"y…y~"‚y"y~„€y‡yz"y~„y" †€zŽ€„|"€"zƒ”y"z€‡ƒ|z€"…ˆ|"|‡€"Žyyz"ƒz` ‡‚ƒ{" Žy" †€zy{€" „{€z~Š€{yz„y" yz" y" €‡€z‡y" Žy" †€zŽ€„|" ‚y" {y‚ƒy{y" €" ƒz~„€€‡ƒ¡z" Žy" ‡‚€‚ƒy{"„y‡z||‹ €"~|€{"^EaV"]Y"…ˆ|"]Ya_"yz" |~"„yš€Ž|~Q"B|z"y|"~y"Š{y„yzŽy"y”ƒ„€{"‡€~|~" ‡|†|"|~"Žy"”€{ƒ|~"†€zŽ€„|~"~|€{y~"€y†€` zy~V" ‚y" ~y" Žyz|†ƒz€z" †€zŽ€„|~" ~|€{y~" ‘|„|”|„€ƒ‡|~V" Žy‘ƒzyz" „|Ž€~" €~" z|{†€~" €` ~™zŽ|~y" Ÿzƒ‡€†yz„y" yz" |~" Š€zyy~" ~|€{y~" ‘|„|”|„€ƒ‡|~"…" †yz‡ƒ|z€z" €" yzy{‹ €" ~|€{" „—{†ƒ‡€"~¡|"‡|†|"€„y{z€„ƒ”€"…"~¡|"yz"Š€{` „y~"Š|~„y{ƒ|{y~"Žy"„y„|"y‹€Q OS&3'"#T'),'$C%3),0$*($74)'($,%&*)3' ()')*)3.U/',&4/3'-T3C$0/')*'4&,'-)K/(&,' )#3&%)&,Q !" B€|{'" |~" ‡€Š„€Ž|{y~" ~|€{y~" „—{†ƒ‡|~" Š{|Ž‚‡yz" ‡€|{V" ‚y" {yŠ{y~yz„€" y" ˜›£" Žy" €~" zy‡y~ƒŽ€Žy~" yzy{‹—„ƒ‡€~" Žy" |~" “|‹€{y~" y‚{|Šy|~" yz" |~" yŽƒ‘ƒ‡ƒ|~'" ‚z€" zy‡y~ƒŽ€Ž"†€~ƒ”€V"‡{ „ƒ‡€"…"™~ƒ‡€"Š€{€"€" ~€‚Ž"…"y"ƒyzy~„€{"Žy"€~"Šy{~|z€~Q !" Oƒ”y{~ƒŽ€Ž" Žy" ~y{”ƒ‡ƒ|~'" yz" y" ‡|z„y„|" Žy"€";]UOV"€"yzy{‹ €"~|€{"„—{†ƒ‡€"Š‚y` Žy" Š{|Š|{‡ƒ|z€{" €‹‚€" ‡€ƒyz„y" ~€zƒ„€{ƒ€V" ‡€y‘€‡‡ƒ¡z"y" ƒz‡‚~|"{y‘{ƒ‹y{€‡ƒ¡zV"„€z„|" Š€{€" ”ƒ”ƒyzŽ€~" {y~ƒŽyz‡ƒ€y~" ‡|†|" Š€{€" yŽƒ‘ƒ‡ƒ|~"‡|†y{‡ƒ€y~"…"„y{‡ƒ€{ƒ|~Q !" Oyz~ƒŽ€Ž"Žy"yzy{‹ €'"€"yzy{‹ €"~|€{"„—{` †ƒ‡€"y~"¡Š„ƒ†€"yz"„—{†ƒz|~"Žy"y‘ƒ‡ƒyz‡ƒ€" y~Š€‡ƒ€V"…€" ‚y" Š{|Ž‚‡y" Žy" v" €" x" ”y‡y~" †™~" yzy{‹ €" Š€{€" €" †ƒ~†€" ™{y€" ‚y" €" yzy{‹ €" ~|€{" ‘|„|”|„€ƒ‡€Q" ]|{" yšy†Š|V" ‚z€"Šy‚yž€" ƒz~„€€‡ƒ¡z"Žy"x"† u "Žy"Š€` zyy~" ~|€{y~" „—{†ƒ‡|~" „ƒyzy"‚z€" ‡€Š€‡ƒ` Ž€Ž"Žy"uV˜"g„Q !" F€{ƒ‡€‡ƒ¡z" €~€Ž€" yz" €" R;'" †™~" Žy" ›£" Žy" €" Žy†€zŽ€" Žy" y‚ƒŠ|~" ~|€{y~" „—{†ƒ‡|~" Žy" €" R;" y~" ~‚†ƒzƒ~„{€Ž€" Š|{" ‘€{ƒ‡€z„y~" Žy" €" R;Q" ;~„|" ~ƒ‹zƒ‘ƒ‡€" ‚z" ~‚†ƒzƒ~„{|" ‡|z‘ƒ€y" Žy" y‚ƒŠ|~" Žy" ‹y` zy{€‡ƒ¡z"Žy"yzy{‹ €V"ƒ{y"Žy"‡€Žyz€~"Žy" ~‚†ƒzƒ~„{|"~yz~ƒy~Q !" Ey‹‚{ƒŽ€Ž" Žy" ~‚†ƒzƒ~„{|'" Rz€" ”y–" ƒz~„€` €Ž|~V" |~" ‡€Š„€Ž|{y~" ~|€{y~" „—{†ƒ‡|~" z|"zy‡y~ƒ„€z"|„{€" ‘‚yz„y"Žy"yzy{‹ €"‚y" €"ƒ{{€Žƒ€‡ƒ¡z"~|€{"‹{€„‚ƒ„€Q";~„|"~ƒ‹zƒ‘ƒ‡€" ~y‹‚{ƒŽ€Ž" Žy" ~‚†ƒzƒ~„{|" yzy{‹—„ƒ‡|" Ž‚` {€z„y" ‚z" Šy{ |Ž|" Š{||z‹€Ž|V"…€" ‚y" €" ”ƒŽ€"†yŽƒ€"Žy"‚z"‡€Š„€Ž|{"~|€{"„—{†ƒ‡|" y~"Žy"‚z|~"u’"€ž|~Q !" Uyzy‘ƒ‡ƒ|~" y‡|z¡†ƒ‡|~V" €†ƒyz„€y~"…" ~|‡ƒ€y~'"€yš™zŽ|~y"Žy"€~"‘‚yz„y~"„{€Žƒ` ‡ƒ|z€y~"Žy"‡|†‚~„ƒy~"‘¡~ƒy~V"€"yzy{` ‹ €" ~|€{" „—{†ƒ‡€" {yŽ‚‡y" €~" ‘€‡„‚{€~" Žy" yzy{‹ €V" €“|{{€" yzy{‹ €"…" €~" y†ƒ~ƒ|zy~" Žy" B& u " ^…" z€z|Š€{„ ‡‚€~_" {y€‡ƒ|z€Ž€~V" ‡|z„{ƒ‚…yzŽ|" €" †yš|{€{" €" ‡€ƒŽ€Ž" Žy" €ƒ{y" ƒz„y{ƒ|{"…" y„y{ƒ|{"…V" Š|{" „€z„|V" €" ‚z" †€…|{"‡|z‘|{„"~€zƒ„€{ƒ|Q !" &°`‹{ƒŽ'"€"~|€{"„—{†ƒ‡€" ƒz‡|{Š|{€"~ƒy†` Š{y" ‚z€" €„€" ‡€Š€‡ƒŽ€Ž" Žy" €†€‡yz€` †ƒyz„|" Žy" yzy{‹ €" „—{†ƒ‡€Q" B|†|" „€V" |Šy{€" ƒzŽyŠyzŽƒyz„y†yz„y" Žy" €" {yŽ" y—‡„{ƒ‡€V" |" ‚y" {yŽ‚‡y" €" ŽyŠyzŽyz‡ƒ€" Žy"|~"‡|†‚~„ƒy~"‘¡~ƒy~"…"y”ƒ„€"‡€{‹€~" €Žƒ‡ƒ|z€y~"ƒzzy‡y~€{ƒ€~"€"€~"{yŽy~"y—‡` „{ƒ‡€~Q !" Fyƒy'" €"yzy{‹ €"~|€{" „—{†ƒ‡€"~y"Š‚y` Žy" ‡|†ƒz€{" ‡|z" |„{€~" ‘‚yz„y~" Žy" yzy{` ‹ €" {yz|”€y~V" ‡|†|" ƒ|†€~€V" |†€~" Žy"‡€|{"|"‡€y‘€‡‡ƒ¡z"‚{€z€V"Š€{€"|‹{€{" zƒ”yy~"†™~"€„|~"Žy"Žy~‡€{|zƒ–€‡ƒ¡z"…" y‘ƒ‡ƒyz‡ƒ€~" yzy{‹—„ƒ‡€~" ¡Š„ƒ†€~" €" „{€”—~" Žy"Žƒ‡“€"~ƒ†ƒ|~ƒ~Q !" ;~Š€‡ƒ|" ‡|†Šy†yz„€{ƒ|"…" ‡|†Š€{„ƒŽ|'" €‡„‚€†yz„yV"†‚‡“|~"„yš€Ž|~"yz";‚{|Š€" €" ‡‚yz„€z" ‡|z" ‡€Š„€Ž|{y~" ~|€{y~" „—{` †ƒ‡|~"…"Š€zyy~"‘|„|”|„€ƒ‡|~Q"B|†ƒz€{" €~"Ž|~"~|‚‡ƒ|zy~"yz"y"†ƒ~†|" „yš€Ž|"|" ƒz‡‚~|" ‚„ƒƒ–€{" Š€zyy~" ~|€{y~" “ {ƒŽ|~" ^]Ya_V" Šy{†ƒ„y" ~|‚‡ƒ|zy~" y‘ƒ‡€‡y~" ‚y" Š{|Š|{‡ƒ|z€z"„€z„|"‡€|{"‡|†|"yy‡„{ƒ‡ƒ` Ž€ŽV"€Š{|”y‡“€zŽ|"€"†™ƒ†|"y"y~Š€‡ƒ|" Žƒ~Š|zƒy"¨ 103 ENERGÉTICA XXI · 232 · DIC 23

RkJQdWJsaXNoZXIy OTAxNDYw